AI & Technical question
Researchers deliver a model that is materially better at code generation in lab evals, but developer success rates inside Claude Code do not improve. How would you diagnose whether the gap comes from prompting, tool use, context management, latency or reliability, or the eval itself, and what changes would you make to convert model gains into user-visible outcomes?
- Anthropic
- AI & Technical
- Hard
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What this question tests
Tests systematic diagnosis of why lab measured model gains fail to translate into real developer success inside a live product.
How to approach it
- List the candidate causes explicitly: prompting mismatch, weak tool use, poor context management, latency or reliability issues, or the eval itself being a poor proxy.
- Compare the lab eval's task distribution against real Claude Code usage patterns to check whether the eval measures problems users actually hit.
- Instrument production sessions to check for concrete symptoms of each cause, such as tool call failure rates or context window truncation events.
- Run a controlled test isolating one variable at a time, for example swapping only the system prompt while holding the model constant, to narrow down the cause.
- Prioritize fixes by expected impact on user visible success rate, not by which cause is easiest to explain or fix first.
What a strong answer includes
- Lists all plausible causes up front instead of jumping to the most likely sounding one, such as assuming it is just a prompting issue.
- Explicitly checks whether the eval itself is a valid proxy for real usage, a step many candidates skip entirely.
- Proposes isolating variables one at a time, for example testing prompting separately from tool interfaces, to avoid conflating causes.
- Anchors success on user visible outcomes, like developer task success rate, not just closing the lab benchmark gap.
Common mistakes
- Assuming the gap is purely a prompting problem without checking tool use, context management, or the eval's validity.
- Fixing multiple variables at once, making it impossible to know which change actually helped.
Likely follow-up questions
- What would you do first if the eval itself turned out to be a poor proxy?
- How would you measure whether your fix actually closed the gap?
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More questions from Anthropic
Learn the skill behind it
Chapters of the AI PM course that teach what this question tests.
- Chapter 1: Foundations: the model and the decisions it forces on you
- Chapter 8: Evals: define good and make the number defensible
- Chapter 6: Agents and agentic architecture