AI & Technical question
How would you design a system that allocates package delivery orders to drivers and maximizes fufillment during busy and non busy hours
- Amazon
- AI & Technical
- Hard
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What this question tests
System and algorithm design for a real-time optimization and fairness problem in logistics.
How to approach it
- Clarify the objective: maximize fulfilled deliveries per hour while keeping driver utilization and cost efficient across peak and non-peak.
- Define inputs: order locations and deadlines, driver locations and capacity, and real-time traffic.
- Propose the core approach: a batching and matching algorithm that clusters nearby orders per driver route.
- Handle busy versus non-busy differently: during peaks, prioritize throughput via tighter batching; during lulls, prioritize driver utilization and fairness.
- Add guardrails: SLA and deadline adherence, and driver workload fairness so idle time isn't skewed.
- Define success as on-time delivery rate and average orders per driver-hour across both regimes.
What a strong answer includes
- Distinguishes the busy versus non-busy regime explicitly, since the optimal objective function actually changes.
- Names a concrete algorithmic family, assignment and matching with batching, instead of a vague 'use AI.'
- Adds a fairness guardrail, driver idle time and order distribution, a real operational concern beyond pure efficiency.
Common mistakes
- Proposing a single static rule that ignores how the optimal strategy differs between peak and off-peak.
- Ignoring driver-side fairness and pay implications, which real logistics systems must consider.
Likely follow-up questions
- How would you handle a driver going offline mid-route?
- How would you measure if the algorithm is unfair to any driver segment?
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Learn the skill behind it
Chapters of the AI PM course that teach what this question tests.
- Chapter 1: Foundations: the model and the decisions it forces on you
- Chapter 8: Evals: define good and make the number defensible
- Chapter 6: Agents and agentic architecture