Estimation question
How much storage space is required to host all the images of Google Street View?
- Estimation
- Hard
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What this question tests
Tests estimation combining geographic scale, image data volume, and storage math into one coherent chain of assumptions.
How to approach it
- State the funnel: total road miles covered, images captured per mile, image file size, then total storage, plus a multiplier for re-capture/updates over time.
- Assume Street View covers roughly 10 million miles of road globally (a commonly cited public figure), captured with images roughly every 10 meters (~0.006 miles).
- Estimate images per mile at roughly 160 (1 mile / 0.006 miles per capture point), giving about 1.6 billion capture points total.
- Assume each capture point stores a 360-degree panorama at roughly 20MB uncompressed across multiple camera angles, giving roughly 32,000 petabytes, then adjust down significantly for compression, say to around 3,000-5,000 petabytes.
- Add a re-capture multiplier, since areas are re-photographed periodically (every few years) and old versions may be retained, roughly doubling or tripling the raw estimate to a final range in the low tens of thousands of petabytes (tens of exabytes).
What a strong answer includes
- Builds the estimate through a clear chain (road miles, capture density, file size, compression, re-capture) instead of guessing a number directly.
- Explicitly separates raw versus compressed image size, since compression radically changes the answer and shows technical awareness.
- Accounts for the fact that Street View re-captures locations over time, which most naive estimates would miss entirely.
- States the final answer as a wide order-of-magnitude range (tens of exabytes) rather than false precision, appropriate given the many compounding assumptions.
Common mistakes
- Forgetting to account for image compression, leading to a wildly inflated raw-image estimate.
- Ignoring that Street View data accumulates over time with re-captures, not just a single one-time capture.
Likely follow-up questions
- Which single assumption in your chain has the widest uncertainty range, and why?
- How would cloud storage cost economics change how Google decides what to retain versus delete?
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Learn the skill behind it
Chapters of the AI PM course that teach what this question tests.
- Chapter 2: Data fluency: SQL, logs, and reading the truth yourself
- Chapter 9: Prove it paid off: outcomes, economics, and pricing
- Chapter 14: Get the job: the AI PM interview loop