Product design question
Claude Code can spawn hundreds of parallel subagents in one session. What risks would you design for?
- Anthropic
- Product design
- Hard
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What this question tests
Tests systems thinking about scale risk: what breaks when an agentic product multiplies its own actions hundreds of times over.
How to approach it
- Clarify the scenario: hundreds of subagents running in parallel inside one Claude Code session, each able to read, write, and execute code.
- Identify the resource risks: runaway cost from token usage, hitting rate limits, and exhausting local compute or file system resources.
- Identify the correctness risks: subagents conflicting on the same files, duplicating work, or compounding a shared bad assumption across all of them.
- Identify the safety risk: a single subagent taking a destructive action, like deleting files or pushing code, multiplied by hundreds of parallel instances.
- Propose design mitigations: a shared lock on files being edited, a global budget cap, and a required human approval gate before any destructive or external action.
- Confirm with the interviewer whether the concern is cost and correctness, safety, or both, since that changes which guardrail to prioritize.
What a strong answer includes
- Names concrete failure modes, like two subagents editing the same file and silently overwriting each other's work, not just abstract risk.
- Proposes a hard budget and rate ceiling per session so a runaway loop cannot spend unbounded tokens or API calls.
- Suggests observability: a live view of what each subagent is doing, so a user can intervene before hundreds of actions compound.
- Distinguishes reversible actions, like reading a file, from irreversible ones, like a git push or a delete, and gates only the latter.
Common mistakes
- Only discussing cost risk and missing correctness risk from parallel subagents stepping on each other.
- Proposing a blanket approval requirement for every action, which would defeat the point of parallelism.
- Not addressing observability, leaving the user unable to see what hundreds of subagents are actually doing.
Likely follow-up questions
- How would you design the approval gate without slowing everything down?
- What would you log to debug a failure across hundreds of subagents?
- How would you cap runaway cost without capping legitimate long running work?
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More questions from Anthropic
Learn the skill behind it
Chapters of the AI PM course that teach what this question tests.
- Chapter 4: Discovery and strategy for AI products
- Chapter 7: AI UX and human oversight: design for a system that is wrong sometimes
- Chapter 14: Get the job: the AI PM interview loop