Product design question
Design a feature to automatically validate the identity of someone that is applying for a loan. How much does this feature cost?
- Clearco
- Product design
- Hard
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What this question tests
Product design combined with cost reasoning for a fraud-sensitive identity verification feature in lending.
How to approach it
- Clarify the risk being solved, identity theft, synthetic identity fraud, or income misrepresentation in loan applications.
- Design the verification flow, government ID upload with liveness check via selfie, cross-referenced against a credit bureau or identity database.
- Balance friction against security, keeping the flow to a few minutes since excessive steps cause drop-off in loan applications.
- Estimate cost components, per-verification API fees for ID and liveness checks, typically charged per attempt by third party vendors.
- Estimate volume-based total cost, cost per verification multiplied by expected monthly loan applications, as an illustrative calculation.
- Define success metrics, fraud rate reduction and verification completion rate, balanced against the added cost per applicant.
What a strong answer includes
- Breaks the feature into concrete steps, ID upload, liveness check, and database cross-reference, rather than a vague 'verify identity' claim.
- Shows a real cost calculation, per-verification fee times expected volume, clearly marked as an illustrative assumption.
- Balances fraud reduction against application drop-off, since too much friction in verification directly costs loan volume.
- Sets a dual metric, fraud rate and completion rate, showing the security versus friction tradeoff explicitly.
Common mistakes
- Proposing verification with no cost estimate despite the question asking for one.
- Ignoring the tradeoff between security friction and application completion rate.
- Not addressing what happens when verification fails, e.g. a manual review fallback.
Likely follow-up questions
- What would you do for applicants who fail automated verification.
- How would you reduce the cost per verification at scale.
- How would you measure whether this actually reduced fraud.
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More questions from Clearco
Learn the skill behind it
Chapters of the AI PM course that teach what this question tests.
- Chapter 4: Discovery and strategy for AI products
- Chapter 7: AI UX and human oversight: design for a system that is wrong sometimes
- Chapter 14: Get the job: the AI PM interview loop